Correct Answer: how far a national drug plan should reach
Passage Reference: when Ottawa talks about widening national pharmacare
Why this is correct: The blogger starts from Ottawa’s talk of widening national pharmacare. Each person in the post takes a position on how much the public plan should cover and how fast.
Tips: For a “mainly about” question, find what Ottawa is talking about in the first paragraph. Then check what every speaker keeps arguing about.
Why the other options are wrong:
- whether pharmacists should prescribe inhalers: The writer’s inhalers come up as a personal cost, but nobody discusses who should prescribe them.
- how employers can cut the cost of benefits: Employers’ plans come up only as coverage that could be pushed aside. The blog post is not advice on cutting benefit costs.
- why drug prices differ between provinces: Nobody compares prices between provinces. Bolduc talks about cost-sharing between governments, not price gaps.
Correct Answer: Archibald Merritt
Passage Reference: pushing those plans aside early could leave the sickest patients waiting
Why this is correct: Archibald Merritt says workplace plans already pay for biologics and rare-disease drugs. He warns that pushing those plans aside early could leave the sickest patients waiting.
Tips: Two speakers talk about private coverage. Read both and ask whose reason is about patients, not about money for governments.
Why the other options are wrong:
- Meera Kulkarni: Meera Kulkarni wants a wide public list soon. Her worry is people skipping doses, not the sickest patients losing private coverage.
- Josephine Bolduc: Josephine Bolduc wants to keep the private coverage rules until cost-sharing is predictable. But her reason is money for provinces and hospitals, not the sickest patients waiting.
- Ivor Lister: Ivor Lister wants a timetable, but his concern is the right to challenge a refusal and knowing which card to hand over. The warning about the sickest patients is Merritt’s.
Correct Answer: hospital costs for patients who could not afford their drugs
Passage Reference: hospitals already pay when patients cannot afford their outpatient drugs
Why this is correct: Bolduc wants predictable cost-sharing because hospitals already pay when patients cannot afford their outpatient drugs. Evidence of those hospital costs would support her position.
Tips: Find Bolduc’s reason after the word “because”. The right choice is evidence that makes that reason stronger.
Why the other options are wrong:
- claims showing people skip doses as prices rise: Skipped doses would support Kulkarni’s case for a wide list. Bolduc’s argument is about who pays, especially hospitals.
- patients who waited after losing workplace coverage: Patients left waiting after losing workplace coverage would support Merritt’s warning. Bolduc talks about provinces, cost-sharing and hospitals.
- patients who could not challenge a refused drug: Patients unable to challenge a refusal would support Lister’s call for a way to challenge decisions, not Bolduc’s point about predictable money.
Correct Answer: listing decisions would follow open clinical rules
Passage Reference: provided every listing decision follows open clinical rules
Why this is correct: Kulkarni’s savings argument comes with a condition: “provided every listing decision follows open clinical rules.” So her condition calls for each listing decision to follow open clinical rules.
Tips: Kulkarni’s condition starts with the word “provided”. Read the rest of that sentence to see what her plan depends on.
Why the other options are wrong:
- provinces would settle cost-sharing before any listing: Predictable cost-sharing is Bolduc’s condition, not Kulkarni’s. Kulkarni’s condition is about how drugs are chosen.
- insurers would choose which drugs get listed: Nobody wants insurers to choose what goes on the public list. Kulkarni wants open clinical rules to decide.
- drugs would be listed only after a patient appeal: Appeals are Lister’s idea, and they apply when a drug is turned down, not before a drug is listed.
Correct Answer: divided, but leaning toward essentials first
Passage Reference: I keep changing my mind as I reread my notes. ... I would start with essentials like my inhalers, leave his coverage alone until the public list can match it
Why this is correct: The blogger admits “I keep changing my mind,” which shows a divided view. Then the writer says that today they would start with essentials like inhalers and leave the husband’s coverage alone.
Tips: Read the whole last paragraph, from its opening sentence to the plan. Check each choice against all of it.
Why the other options are wrong:
- sure that private plans should end at once: The writer wants the husband’s private coverage left alone until the public list can match it. So the writer does not want private plans ended at once.
- opposed to any change in drug coverage: In the last paragraph, the writer wants essentials like inhalers covered publicly, which is a change.
- convinced that specialty drugs must come first: Notice that the writer would start with essentials and leave specialty coverage like the husband’s biologic where it is for now.
Correct Answer: cover much of the new cost
Passage Reference: bulk buying by a single public plan would push prices down far enough to cover much of the new cost
Why this is correct: Kulkarni believes bulk buying would push prices down far enough to cover much of the new cost. Kulkarni says “much”, not all, of the cost.
Tips: The comment names Kulkarni and bulk buying. Find that sentence and read how much it would pay for, with the exact amount word.
Why the other options are wrong:
- cover the whole cost of the plan: Kulkarni says the savings would cover much of the new cost, not the whole cost.
- end the need for private plans: Kulkarni never says bulk buying makes private plans unnecessary. She talks about paying for the new public spending.
- fund specialty drugs for everyone: Kulkarni wants only a defined group of specialty medicines listed, and she does not link bulk buying to covering them for everyone.
Correct Answer: chronic conditions
Passage Reference: taking in drugs for chronic conditions
Why this is correct: Kulkarni argues that the public list should be wide, taking in drugs for chronic conditions and a defined group of specialty medicines.
Tips: The comment asks what else her list would take in. Look at Kulkarni’s first sentence for the kinds of drugs she names.
Why the other options are wrong:
- cosmetic treatments: Cosmetic treatments are never mentioned. Kulkarni’s list takes in drugs for chronic conditions.
- travel vaccines: Vaccines for travel are never mentioned in the blog post.
- hair loss: Hair loss is never mentioned. The list covers chronic conditions and some specialty medicines.
Correct Answer: a common national minimum of essential drugs
Passage Reference: She supports a common national minimum of essential drugs
Why this is correct: Bolduc supports a common national minimum of essential drugs, though she wants predictable cost-sharing first.
Tips: The comment calls her the Manitoba minister. Look for the word “supports” in her lines, then notice the “but” after it.
Why the other options are wrong:
- a national list that includes specialty drugs: A wide list with specialty medicines is what Kulkarni argues for. Bolduc backs a common minimum of essential drugs.
- an end to private coverage rules: Bolduc does not back ending those rules now. She says provinces need predictable cost-sharing before they end them.
- a cap on what patients pay each month: Bolduc never proposes a monthly cap for patients. Her concern is what provinces and hospitals pay.
Correct Answer: which card to hand over at the pharmacy
Passage Reference: so that patients can tell which card to hand over at the pharmacy
Why this is correct: Lister agrees that the change needs a published timetable, so that patients can tell which card to hand over at the pharmacy.
Tips: The comment names Lister and his timetable. Read the end of his lines, after “so that”, for what it would tell patients.
Why the other options are wrong:
- how much each drug will cost: Lister never says the timetable would show drug prices. It would tell people which card to show.
- which doctors are allowed to prescribe: Doctors are never mentioned in the blog post.
- where to mail their drug receipts: Receipts are never mentioned. The timetable is about which card to hand over at the pharmacy.
Correct Answer: ninety dollars
Passage Reference: My asthma inhalers cost me about ninety dollars a month
Why this is correct: The blogger says the asthma inhalers cost about ninety dollars a month.
Tips: The comment is about paying every month to breathe. Look in the first paragraph for what the writer’s inhalers cost.
Why the other options are wrong:
- forty dollars: Forty dollars never appears. The inhalers cost about ninety dollars a month.
- two hundred dollars: The monthly cost in the first paragraph is much lower than two hundred.
- fifteen dollars: Fifteen dollars never appears. The monthly cost is about ninety dollars.