Researchers have explored the reasons why so many people indulge in outdoor leisure pursuits, such as hiking, in the natural environment. In general, such individuals appear to have less need for affiliation with others, and a preference for solitude as well as high levels of autonomy. it is possible to make some observations about motivation from this. There is the need for peace and relief of tension facilitated by solitude, and encountering others in the wilderness reduces satisfaction. Then there is confidence building achieved by trying out new activities and acquiring new skills, such as skiing and survival techniques. These can form an important part of an individual's self-concept and improve self-esteem.

Stimulation can be obtained by a change in scene and an opportunity to indulge in risky activities will enhance this, as in the adrenaline rush associated with activities such as bungee jumping. Finally, the natural environment may provide a spiritual uplift, either due to the qualities of the scenery or the symbolic connotations of nature as the giver of life. Thus, considerable benefits can be gained from outdoor activities, and a range of facilities should be provided to meet the needs of the users. Nevertheless, user satisfaction declines greatly when the outdoor environment is overcrowded or polluted. The necessary facilities must be provided in sufficient quantity as well as quality.