A.I. Explanation:

Option 1: "Differing opinions on slavery contributed to the Civil War."

Explanation: The text discusses how the resolutions regarding slavery created divisions within the Democratic Party and ultimately led to the Civil War. It highlights the conflict between pro-slavery demands and the North's resentment, indicating that differing opinions on slavery were a significant factor in the war.

Option 2: "The North expected and demanded the Civil War."

Explanation: This option misrepresents the text. The North did not demand the Civil War; rather, it was the pro-slavery demands that aroused resentment. The text indicates that the North's response was a reaction to the pro-slavery stance, not an expectation or demand for war.

Option 3: "The radical southern states instigated the Civil War."

Explanation: While the text mentions the secession of radical southern states, it does not claim they instigated the war. Instead, it emphasizes the broader context of differing opinions on slavery and the resulting tensions, making this option too narrow and not fully representative of the text's message.

Option 4: "Disputes between political parties had little effect on the Civil War."

Explanation: This option contradicts the text, which clearly states that the split in the Democratic Party and the resulting political disputes were significant factors leading to the Civil War. The text underscores the importance of these disputes, making this option inaccurate.