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Practice Listening: Select Missing Word
ID: #41074
Short
Voltaire
Transcript:
The 18th century was a time of upheaval and contradiction. Monarchy and colonialism gave way to popular sovereignty, while the steam engine and the cotton gin heralded an industrial revolution. It was the age of Enlightenment, yet it was also the peak of the slave trade. Political philosophers like Voltaire and Rousseau were at the forefront of the call for equality and individual rights in the American colonies. The spirit of independence sparked a revolution and guided the fledgling Republic in France. A series of upheavals ousted the monarchy, gave power to the middle class, and established a democratic system, though by century's end Napoleon had seized power. Yet even as individual rights became established, 10 million Africans lost their (freedom).
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