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Practice Listening: Select Missing Word
ID: #39952
Short
Aristotle
Transcript:
In the 4th century BC, the Greek philosopher Aristotle proposed a model of the universe with the earth at the centre. His model was popular but did not explain planetary motion. In the 2nd century AD, the astronomer Ptolemy provided a solution that kept Aristotle's universe in order for the next 14 centuries. He showed that eccentrics, equants, epicycles, and deferents could explain retrograde motion, and the changing brightness of the planets. In the 16th century, Polish astronomer Nicholas Copernicus designed a model of the universe that placed the sun at the centre, with the planets circling around it. His models solved the problems raised by Ptolemy, establishing a fixed order for the planets and starting a revolution in European thought. Less than a century later, the German astronomer Johannes Kepler showed that the planets move in elliptical orbits with changing speeds. The modern view of the universe was (born ).
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