A.I. Explanation:

First sentence: Why this is the first line? This paragraph is the first sentence because it introduces the main topic of writing a dissertation. It gives a broad overview of what to expect when starting this process. It does not refer to any previous information, making it independent. Why other lines are not chosen? The other paragraphs do not qualify as the first sentence. For example, Paragraph 2 starts with 'It should', which is a pronoun that refers back to something not yet mentioned. Paragraph 3 starts with 'This should', which also uses a pronoun. Paragraph 4 starts with 'By highlighting', which is not a general statement. Paragraph 5 starts with 'As a result', which is a transitional phrase that connects to previous ideas.

Concluding sentence: Why this is the last line? This paragraph is the last sentence because it wraps up the ideas presented in the previous paragraphs. It shows the final outcome of the process of writing a dissertation, which is to build an argument. It uses conclusive words like 'as a result' to signal the end.

Paragraph pairs:

• Pair 1 (Paragraph 1 → Paragraph 2): Paragraph 2 connects to Paragraph 1 because it continues the idea of writing a literature review. It uses the logical order rule, as it explains what the literature review should do after introducing it.
• Pair 2 (Paragraph 2 → Paragraph 3): Paragraph 3 connects to Paragraph 2 because it provides more specific details about what the literature review should include. This follows the broader to specific strategy, as it goes from a general statement to specific actions.
• Pair 3 (Paragraph 3 → Paragraph 4): Paragraph 4 connects to Paragraph 3 because it explains the importance of identifying gaps in research. It uses the cause and effect relationship rule, as it shows how finding gaps leads to new focuses for investigation.
• Pair 4 (Paragraph 4 → Paragraph 5): Paragraph 5 connects to Paragraph 4 because it shows the outcome of identifying new focuses. It uses the cause and effect relationship rule, as it explains how this process helps in building an argument.