A farsighted eye - Marvel Education

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Practice Listening: Multiple Choice, Multiple Answers ID: #37720 Medium A farsighted eye

Instructions ›

Transcript:

A near sighted eye usually has an eyeball that is too long from front to back. This extra length makes light rays from distant objects meet before they reach the retina. By the time the light rays reached the retina, they have begun to spread again and are no longer in focus. A farsighted eye usually is too short from front to back. Because the eye is too short, light rays tend to strike the retina before they have come all the way together. The lens has to compensate for the shortness of the eye by becoming thicker and more contracted so it can bend light rays farther than is necessary in a normal eye. The lens of the far sighted eye can usually achieve the extra thickness necessary to bend the parallel rays from distant objects, but bending the spreading rays. From nearby, objects sometimes requires more contraction than is possible. In almost all people, the lens of the eye becomes stiffer and less able to contract and thicken as they age, which leads to far sightedness. For this reason, most middle-aged and elderly people need glasses for reading, even if they didn't need glasses when they were younger.

What are the characteristics of a nearsighted eye and a farsighted eye, as described in the passage?

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A nearsighted eye has an eyeball that is too short, causing light rays to meet before reaching the retina, while a farsighted eye has an eyeball that is too long, making light rays converge after passing the retina. The lens of a nearsighted eye becomes stiffer and less able to contract and thicken with age, leading to the need for reading glasses in middle-aged and elderly individuals. In a nearsighted eye, the lens compensates for the shortness of the eyeball by becoming thicker and more contracted, allowing it to bend light rays farther, while a farsighted eye usually has an eyeball that is too long, resulting in the need for thicker lenses. The farsighted eye tends to strike the retina before light rays have come together, and as people age, the lens becomes stiffer, contributing to the development of farsightedness. In almost all people, the lens of the eye becomes stiffer and less able to contract and thicken as they age, leading to the development of farsightedness and the need for reading glasses in middle-aged and elderly individuals.

Result:

A.I. Explanation:

Option 1: "A nearsighted eye has an eyeball that is too short, causing light rays to meet before reaching the retina, while a farsighted eye has an eyeball that is too long, making light rays converge after passing the retina."
Explanation: This option incorrectly describes the characteristics of nearsighted and farsighted eyes. A nearsighted eye actually has an eyeball that is too long, causing light rays from distant objects to meet before reaching the retina. Conversely, a farsighted eye has an eyeball that is too short, leading to light rays striking the retina before they converge. Therefore, this option is incorrect.
Option 2: "The lens of a nearsighted eye becomes stiffer and less able to contract and thicken with age, leading to the need for reading glasses in middle-aged and elderly individuals."
Explanation: This option is incorrect because it misattributes the aging effect to nearsightedness. The text states that the lens becomes stiffer and less able to contract as people age, which leads to farsightedness, not nearsightedness. Thus, this option does not accurately reflect the information in the passage.
Option 3: "In a nearsighted eye, the lens compensates for the shortness of the eyeball by becoming thicker and more contracted, allowing it to bend light rays farther, while a farsighted eye usually has an eyeball that is too long, resulting in the need for thicker lenses."
Explanation: This option is incorrect as it confuses the characteristics of nearsighted and farsighted eyes. A nearsighted eye has an eyeball that is too long, not short, and the lens does not compensate for shortness. Instead, a farsighted eye is too short, requiring the lens to become thicker to bend light rays properly. Therefore, this option does not align with the text.
Option 4: "The farsighted eye tends to strike the retina before light rays have come together, and as people age, the lens becomes stiffer, contributing to the development of farsightedness."
Explanation: This option accurately describes the characteristics of a farsighted eye. The text states that a farsighted eye is too short, causing light rays to strike the retina before converging. Additionally, it mentions that as people age, the lens becomes stiffer, which contributes to the development of farsightedness. Thus, this option is correct.
Option 5: "In almost all people, the lens of the eye becomes stiffer and less able to contract and thicken as they age, leading to the development of farsightedness and the need for reading glasses in middle-aged and elderly individuals."
Explanation: This option is incorrect because it generalizes the aging effect on the lens without specifically linking it to the characteristics of nearsighted and farsighted eyes. While it is true that the lens becomes stiffer with age, the passage emphasizes that this leads to farsightedness, not nearsightedness. Therefore, this option does not fully capture the relevant details from the text.

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