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LanguageCert Practice Reading: Part 3 (Multi-Text Attribution) ID: #60290 Easy Yellow 4

Instructions ›

Read the four texts below about walking. There are seven questions about the texts. Which text gives you the answer to each question? Choose the correct text (A–D) for each question. the four texts below about Walking.

A Fit Walk Navigator offers a fresh approach to fitness tracking. It has a clear set of basic screens which make it easy to get started. The app accurately tracks your steps, distance and calories burned, providing valuable insights into your daily activity. Its GPS feature is highly accurate, ensuring precise route tracking and location-based data. One impressive feature is the app’s extensive library of walking routes, catering to various fitness levels and preferences. There are bound to be some great routes for you wherever you live. The app also allows you to connect with others who have the app, to share achievements and engage in friendly competitions. However, as I found, the app uses a lot of battery power, so you could find yourself, like me, in the middle of a great walk when your phone dies completely. Additionally, the wide range of features often makes it hard to find simple information while you’re on the move. Not for the casual walker.

B The idea of taking 10,000 steps a day as a fitness goal can be traced back to Dr Yoshiro Hatano, a Japanese researcher who proposed this target in the 1960s. Some say he did so as part of a marketing campaign for a new product, although he has said this was not the case, stating that the number represented a beneficial level of physical activity for the average person. However, the 10,000-step target may not be suitable for everyone. Exercise needs vary depending on factors such as age, fitness level and health conditions. Children require more than this level of activity, whereas it might be dangerous for elderly people. In 2004, two researchers called Tudor-Locke and Bassett introduced an index with targets for adults with different occupations. Others have now produced detailed targets for different ages, for example, 13,000 to 15,000 steps per day for boys aged six to 11, but 7,000 to 8,000 for adults between the ages of 20 and 65.

C We usually take walking for granted but, as people who have tried to make walking robots have discovered, the movement is not as simple as it might appear. Two researchers called Wang and Srinivasan already knew that people walk in opposition – left leg, right arm, right leg, left arm – so they reasoned that the arms were the parts of the body which retained balance. They put motion sensors on people’s feet, on arms and on pelvises – the central circle of bone from which the legs are suspended. Then they put the people on treadmills – the kind of machine you get in a gym – and filmed them walking. The researchers expected that the subjects would put each foot in the same place each time. However, the data revealed that they were placed slightly differently at each step. Walking is, it seems, actually a bit like falling down. With each step, we unbalance ourselves, but the pelvis adjusts the position of the upper body to compensate and stop us falling.

D Despite science fiction films from the 1950s and 1960s and even science documentaries of the same period, most working robots in the modern age do not travel independently from place to place, performing different tasks. The vast majority perform one dedicated task, in one place – in car factories, for example. However, there are situations where one can envisage the real advantages of a truly mobile robot which can walk across broken ground or up steps into dangerous situations, to disable an explosive device, for example. But is this really achievable? If it is, it is likely that the robot will copy a method of walking employed by a living creature, either an animal or a human. Perhaps we will never have multi-function robots which can walk around and climb stairs. Nonetheless, research of this kind is important in the development of exoskeletons – external mechanical structures – which could enable people who are paralysed from the waist down to walk again. It will also help doctors see why elderly people are vulnerable to falls.

In which text does the writer illustrates how machines are currently used in industry?

In which text does the writer defines part of the human body?

In which text does the writer contains a personal denial of a claim?

In which text does the writer concerns a discovery about physical movement?

In which text does the writer includes a social aspect of walking?

In which text does the writer makes a criticism based on personal experience?

In which text does the writer advances a possible benefit of research?

A.I. Explanation:

Question Focus: Asks which text shows how machines work in factories today.
Why this is correct: Text D shows how today's robots work in industry: most do one fixed job in one spot, like in car factories. That is machines used in industry now.
Question Focus: Asks which text gives the meaning of a body part.
Why this is correct: Text C defines the pelvis as the central ring of bone that the legs hang from. Explaining a body part like this is what the question wants.
Question Focus: Asks which text shows someone saying a claim about them is untrue.
Why this is correct: Text B shows Dr Hatano denying a claim. People said he set the 10,000 goal to sell a product, but he says that is not true. That is a personal denial.
Question Focus: Asks which text reports something new learned about how the body moves.
Why this is correct: Text C reports a discovery about movement: our feet land in slightly different spots each time, and walking is a bit like catching a fall. That is a finding about how the body moves.
Question Focus: Asks which text mentions walking together with or sharing with other people.
Why this is correct: Text A shows a social side: the app lets you connect with others, share wins and hold friendly contests. That is walking as a shared, social activity.
Question Focus: Asks which text complains about something the writer met themselves.
Why this is correct: Text A gives a personal complaint. The writer says 'like me' when the phone died mid-walk from heavy battery use. That is a criticism from their own experience.
Question Focus: Asks which text suggests good things that could come from research.
Why this is correct: Text D points to a benefit of research: it could help build exoskeletons so paralysed people walk again and help doctors understand falls. That is a possible payoff from research.
General Tips:
Read all four texts first and note whether each is a review, a report or an argument.
Words like 'I', 'me' or 'my' signal personal opinions and experiences.
A definition question needs a text that explains what a word or part means.
When two texts share a topic, pick the one with the exact detail the question asks for.

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