A.I. Explanation:

Question Focus: The diagram shows the front opening of the smoke ball where you breathe in. We need the name of that part.

Correct Answer: E

Passage Reference: The carbolic smoke ball was a hollow rubber ball, 5 centimetres across, with a nozzle covered by gauze.

Why this is correct: The diagram points to the small opening at the front. The passage says the smoke ball had a nozzle covered by gauze, so the part itself is the nozzle.

Common Mistake: Some students choose gauze because it is mentioned right after. But gauze is the covering, not the opening itself. This is a partial truth trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'with a nozzle covered by gauze' = Diagram: 'front opening part'

Tips: Look carefully at what the arrow touches. Is it the object itself or something covering it?

Key Vocabulary:

• nozzle = small opening
• covered = on top of

Question Focus: The diagram highlights the thin material over the nozzle.

Correct Answer: F

Passage Reference: The carbolic smoke ball was a hollow rubber ball, 5 centimetres across, with a nozzle covered by gauze.

Why this is correct: The diagram shows a layer over the nozzle. The passage clearly says the nozzle was covered by gauze, so the answer is gauze.

Common Mistake: You might choose nozzle again because it is nearby. But the diagram arrow points to the covering material, not the opening. This is a context shift trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'covered by gauze' = Diagram: 'thin covering'

Tips: If two labels are close together, check exactly where the arrow ends.

Key Vocabulary:

• gauze = thin cloth
• covered = placed over

Question Focus: The diagram points to what is inside the ball.

Correct Answer: D

Passage Reference: Inside was a powder treated with carbolic acid, or phenol.

Why this is correct: The diagram shows the contents inside the ball. The passage says inside was a powder, so the correct label is powder.

Common Mistake: Some students pick carbolic acid or phenol. These describe what the powder was treated with, not the substance itself. This is a partial truth trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'Inside was a powder' = Diagram: 'material inside'

Tips: Answer what the diagram asks for, not extra chemical details.

Key Vocabulary:

• inside = within
• powder = fine dry substance

Question Focus: The diagram labels the main body of the object.

Correct Answer: C

Passage Reference: The carbolic smoke ball was a hollow rubber ball, 5 centimetres across, with a nozzle covered by gauze.

Why this is correct: The diagram points to the round main shape. The passage describes it as a hollow rubber ball, so the correct label is rubber ball.

Common Mistake: Students sometimes choose smoke ball because it sounds similar. But that is the name of the whole product, not the material. This is a paraphrase trap.

Paraphrasing: Passage: 'a hollow rubber ball' = Diagram: 'main body'

Tips: If an option is the product name, check if the diagram wants a part or a material instead.

Key Vocabulary:

• hollow = empty inside
• rubber = flexible material

General Tips:

• Diagram labels usually follow passage order. Start from the first description and move step by step.
• Read the full sentence in the passage, not just one word that looks similar.
• If two options look related, ask yourself which one matches the exact part shown.
• Cross out each option after you use it so you do not reuse the same word.