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Practice Reading: Fill in the Blanks (Dropdown) ID: #5487 Altruism 1
Instructions
Is  altruism,  the  state  of  acting  unselfishly  on  behalf  of  others,  a  particularly  human  trait,  or  is  it  a  behaviour  other  species  practice  too?  What's  more  to  the  point,  is  it  in  fact  a  trait  we  have  at  all,  or  can  all  our  actions  be  finally  attributed  to  self-interest,  however  selfless  they  might  at  first  ?  For  example,  if  you  rush  into  your  neighbour's  burning  house  and  save  him  and  his  family,  this  is  naturally  seen  as  a  good  and  noble  deed,  but  some  would  argue  that  it  wasn't  a  natural  human  instinct  that    you  to  put  your  life  at  ,  but  that  your  true  motive  was  that  you  would  expect  your  neighbour  to  do  the  same  for  you  under    circumstances.  Other  species  do  co-operate  and  work  together  for  the  mutual  benefit  of  the  group,  mainly  in  terms  of  hunting  for  food  and  defence  and  is  for  the  collective  good.  But  altruism  proper  suggests  that  little  or  no  advantage  attaches  to  the  altruistic  act  -  you  might  even  lose  your  life  in  the  process.  Cynics  will  say  that  at  bottom  all  our  actions  are    in  some  way  or  another,  while  those  who  take  a  rosier  view  believe  that  altruism,  and  goodness,  are  a  part  of  human  nature.  Aristotle  himself  was  a  bit  of  an  optimist  in  this  matter,  believing  that  all  people  were  basically  good,  but  that  this  quality  could  only  be  brought  out  within  society  and  that,  therefore,  we  are,  in  the  original  sense  of  the  word,  political  animals.

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