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Practice Reading: Fill in the Blanks (Dropdown) ID: #51198 Neutrinos
Instructions
In  June  1998,  an  international  team  of  Japanese  and  US  physicists  unveiled  strong  evidence  that  elusive  subatomic  particles  known  as  neutrinos  have  mass.  These  findings  run    to  the  standard  model  of  particle  physicsthe  basic  theory  about  the  structure  of  matterwhich  holds  that  these  electrically  neutral,  weakly  interacting  particles  have  no  mass.  The  discovery  means  that  existing  theoretical  models  of  matter  must  now  be    to  include  neutrinos  with  mass.  Neutrinos  occur  in  three  states:  electron,  muon,  and  tau,  with  the  names  signifying  what  is  produced  when  a  neutrino  collides  with  another  particle.    do  not  see  the  neutrinos  themselves,  but  can  detect  the  creation  of  electrons  and  muons  from  faint  flashes  of  light  following  a  particle  collision.  The  physicists  used  the  giant  Super-Kamiokandethe  world's  biggest  neutrino  detector  buried  deep  underground  in  Mozumi,  Japan.  In  the  experiment,    in  a  50,000-ton  tank  of  purified  water,  neutrinos  created  when  cosmic  rays  bombard  Earth's  upper  atmosphere  were  counted  relative  to  the  number  expected  to  penetrate  the  cavern.  The  experimenters  found  that  the  number  of  electron-neutrinos  detected  was  relatively  constant  with  theorized  totals,  while  the  number  of  muon-neutrinos  was  significantly  lower.  This  indicated  that  they  were  disappearing  into  another  state,  or  "flavor,"  such  as  an  undetected  tau-neutrino,  or  possibly  another  type.

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