Mass Extinction2 - Marvel Education

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Practice Reading: Fill in the Blanks (Dropdown) ID: #45246 Mass Extinction2

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Scientists have discovered the cause of a mass extinction of sea-floor marine organisms 800,000 years ago — which also provides insight into how climate change can impact deep ocean biota. In a new study in the journal Nature Communications, scientists from the universities of Nottingham and Durham and the British Geological Survey (BGS), have discovered the cause of a mass extinction within marine organisms called foraminifera. Foraminifera are an important group in relation to biomass in the deep ocean and the cause of their extinction was unknown. Scientists tested various possible for the mass extinction and were able to discount others such as ocean cooling. , they discovered that the extinction was caused by a global change in plankton at the surface of the ocean.

Result:

A.I. Explanation:

Correct answer: on
Explanation: The preposition 'on' is used to indicate the impact or effect of climate change on deep ocean biota, fitting grammatically and contextually as it shows the relationship between the subject and the object in the sentence.
Meaning: 'On' indicates a relationship of influence or effect, suggesting that climate change has an impact on deep ocean life.
Wrong options:
in: The preposition 'in' suggests being inside or within something, which does not convey the intended meaning of influence in this context.
of: The preposition 'of' indicates possession or belonging, which does not fit the context of discussing the impact of climate change.
off: The preposition 'off' typically indicates separation or distance, which is not appropriate when discussing the effects of climate change.
Correct answer: published
Explanation: The verb 'published' is in the past tense, which is appropriate here as it refers to a completed action that has occurred in the past, aligning with the overall past narrative of the study.
Meaning: 'Published' means that the study has been made publicly available in a journal, indicating that the research findings are now accessible to others.
Wrong options:
publishing: The gerund 'publishing' does not fit grammatically as it suggests an ongoing action rather than a completed one.
has published: The present perfect 'has published' implies a connection to the present, which is not suitable in this context where the past tense is required.
be publishing: The phrase 'be publishing' suggests a future or ongoing action, which does not align with the context of a completed study.
Correct answer: previously
Explanation: The adverb 'previously' indicates that the unknown status of the cause existed before the current findings, fitting grammatically and contextually as it refers to a time frame relevant to the study's results.
Meaning: 'Previously' means at an earlier time, indicating that the cause was not known before the current research was conducted.
Wrong options:
occasionally: The adverb 'occasionally' suggests something happens from time to time, which does not fit the context of something being unknown before the study.
necessarily: The adverb 'necessarily' implies a requirement or inevitability, which does not apply to the context of knowledge about the cause.
currently: The adverb 'currently' refers to the present time, which contradicts the idea that the cause was unknown before the study.
Correct answer: causes
Explanation: The noun 'causes' is plural and fits grammatically as it refers to multiple potential reasons for the mass extinction, aligning with the context of scientific investigation.
Meaning: 'Causes' refers to the reasons or factors that lead to an event, in this case, the mass extinction of marine organisms.
Wrong options:
consequences: The noun 'consequences' refers to the results of an action, which does not fit as the focus is on identifying reasons rather than outcomes.
elements: The noun 'elements' suggests components or parts, which is too vague and does not specifically refer to reasons for the extinction.
factors: The noun 'factors' is similar but less precise than 'causes' in this context, as it does not directly imply reasons for the extinction.
Correct answer: Instead
Explanation: The adverb 'Instead' is used to introduce a contrasting idea, indicating that the findings were different from what might have been expected, fitting well grammatically and contextually within the sentence.
Meaning: 'Instead' means in place of or as an alternative, suggesting that the discovered cause was not what was initially considered.
Wrong options:
However: The adverb 'However' introduces a contrast but does not fit as smoothly in this context where a direct alternative is being presented.
Thus: The adverb 'Thus' implies a conclusion or result, which does not align with the contrasting nature of the findings being presented.
So: The adverb 'So' indicates a consequence, which does not fit the context of presenting an alternative explanation.

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