Read the following passage.

A. In addition to smashing buildings and killing more than 200,000 people, Haiti's devastating 12 January earthquake produced two 3-metre tsunamis, scientists announced on 24 February at a meeting in Portland, Oregon.The discovery was made by Hermann Fritz, a coastal engineer at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Savannah, who spent six days in Haiti in early February documenting stories from fishermen and aid workers.

B. When the 7.0-magnitude earthquake struck, computer models predicted that a tsunami would hit the nation's south shore — but with a height of just 20 centimetres, said Fritz. And, indeed, the waves that crossed the Caribbean were tiny, lapping harmlessly on distant shores. But in Haiti itself, his on-site survey revealed that the waves may have reached as high as three metres — and that several metre-high waves struck along a 100-kilometre stretch of shoreline, all the way into the neighbouring Dominican Republic. 

C. One site Fritz visited was the town of Jacmel, on the southern coast of Haiti, where he found boats and boulders washed ashore and walls knocked down by the water. In one place, water had surged a metre deep into the barracks of a group of United Nations soldiers, but the soldiers, from Sri Lanka, had already left. "They knew all about tsunamis," Fritz said, noting that their country had been hard hit by the 2004 Indian Ocean tsunami.Elsewhere, he found signs of three-metre tsunamis. In one case, along the shores of the Bay of Port-au-Prince on the western coast of Haiti, waves had rushed 70 metres inland, killing a grandfather and two young grandchildren who had stopped to watch.

D. The discovery that there had been such a large tsunami is surprising, says Seth Stein, a geophysicist at Northwestern University in Evanston, Illinois. That's because the earthquake was of a type known as strike-slip, in which the plates shift sideways. "When an earthquake generates a tsunami, it's because the sea floor went up and down," he says. "An earthquake that is pure strike-slip doesn't do that."But though earthquakes can cause tsunamis, a combination of other factors can contribute to triggering them too. In the Bay of Port-au-Prince, the waves seemed to have been caused by underwater landslides. Satellite images and on-the-ground photos show that the coastline has changed. In one case, Fritz says, a palm tree slid from the shore into 7-metre-deep water. And the waves came in almost immediately, on about a 15-second cycle. Such short-period waves, Fritz says, are a signature of landslide-induced tsunamis.

E. Not given in any of the above paragraphs.