Correct Answer: letting surgeons work in both public and private care
Passage Reference: This month the health ministry asked for views on letting specialists work part of the week in private clinics while keeping their hospital posts
Why this is correct: The ministry asked for views on letting specialists work part of the week in private clinics while keeping their hospital posts. Every paragraph weighs that idea.
Tips: For a “mainly about” question, find what the ministry asked for views on in the first paragraph. Then check that every speaker weighs that idea.
Why the other options are wrong:
- how to train more surgeons in the province: The piece is about how existing specialists use their time, not about training new surgeons.
- why cataract surgery should be free for seniors: Cataract surgery comes up only as an example of surgery the province already buys from private clinics.
- whether emergency rooms should close at night: Wyatt wants emergency care kept fully public. Nobody suggests closing emergency rooms at night.
Correct Answer: Ulric Mortimer
Passage Reference: Ulric Mortimer, who studies fairness in health systems, warns that the caps are the weak point
Why this is correct: Ulric Mortimer warns that the caps are the weak point. He says that abroad, surgeons let their public lists slide even when rules said otherwise. He doubts that limits would protect public lists.
Tips: Find the limit on private hours in the second paragraph. Then read each speaker’s reaction to it, and ask who does not trust it.
Why the other options are wrong:
- Dr. Delphina Wyatt: Dr. Delphina Wyatt is the one who proposes capping private hours, so she trusts the limits rather than doubting them.
- Matilda Poitras: Matilda Poitras would allow dual practice with monthly reports and automatic penalties. She does not say that limits fail to protect public lists.
- Kavya Varma: Kavya Varma asks for plain rules and a way to complain. She does not discuss whether caps on hours work.
Correct Answer: records of cataract surgeries bought from private clinics
Passage Reference: She notes that the province already pays private clinics for some cataract surgeries, so the line between public and private is not as clean as either side suggests.
Why this is correct: Poitras says the line between public and private is not clean because the province already pays private clinics for some cataract surgeries. Records of those purchases would support her position.
Tips: Find the claim Poitras makes about the two systems. The right choice is a fact that would prove that claim.
Why the other options are wrong:
- studies of public lists sliding in other countries: Lists sliding abroad is the evidence Mortimer uses to doubt the caps. It does not show that the public and private line is already blurred.
- audits of operating rooms sitting empty at night: Empty operating rooms back Wyatt’s claim that the waste is in plain sight, not Poitras’s point about contracts.
- patients who felt pushed toward private bookings: Patients being steered toward private bookings is Varma’s concern about complaints, not Poitras’s argument.
Correct Answer: surgeons would keep taking public on-call shifts
Passage Reference: She would cap each surgeon’s private hours and require every participating doctor to keep taking public on-call shifts
Why this is correct: Wyatt would require every participating doctor to keep taking public on-call shifts. So her condition calls for surgeons to keep doing on-call work in the public system.
Tips: Wyatt names more than one rule. Look for the word “require” in her lines.
Why the other options are wrong:
- surgeons could treat cancer patients privately: Wyatt insists that emergency and cancer care stay entirely public.
- private hours would grow when waits are long: Wyatt wants each surgeon’s private hours capped, not raised when waits grow.
- patients would pay a fee for evening surgery: Wyatt never mentions any fee that patients would pay for surgery in the evening.
Correct Answer: call for a limited, closely watched trial
Passage Reference: We favour a limited trial. Our province should test dual practice in one region for two years
Why this is correct: The editorial says “We favour a limited trial.” It asks for a two-year test in one region with monthly reports, penalties and an end to the experiment if waits rise.
Tips: For purpose, read the first sentence of the last paragraph and the plan that follows it. The first paragraph also shows the kind of change the writers want.
Why the other options are wrong:
- reject dual practice as unfair to patients: The writers do not reject dual practice. They say the idea deserves a careful trial.
- urge the province to open private lanes everywhere: In the last paragraph, the writers want one region for two years, not private lanes across the whole province.
- defend waiting lists as they are now: Notice that the writers call the waiting lists “a fact of life that nobody should accept”.
Correct Answer: six o’clock
Passage Reference: Operating rooms go dark by six o’clock while patients wait in pain
Why this is correct: Wyatt told the committee, “Operating rooms go dark by six o’clock while patients wait in pain.”
Tips: The comment quotes Dr. Wyatt about operating rooms. Find her quoted words and read the time she gives.
Why the other options are wrong:
- noon on Fridays: Wyatt names six o’clock, not Friday at noon.
- ten at night: Wyatt says the rooms go dark by six o’clock, much earlier than ten at night.
- the end of June: Wyatt is talking about each evening, not a time of year.
Correct Answer: extra evening shifts in hospitals
Passage Reference: He would pay for extra evening shifts in public hospitals before opening any private lane.
Why this is correct: Mortimer, the fairness researcher, would pay for extra evening shifts in public hospitals before opening any private lane.
Tips: The comment calls him the fairness researcher. Look at his last sentence for what he would pay for before any private lane opens.
Why the other options are wrong:
- bonuses for surgeons who work weekends: Mortimer never mentions weekend bonuses. He would pay for extra evening shifts in public hospitals.
- higher fees for private patients: Mortimer never talks about what private patients pay.
- more training places for surgeons: Training new surgeons is never mentioned in the editorial.
Correct Answer: their public and private hours every month
Passage Reference: She would accept the change only if clinics report their public and private hours every month
Why this is correct: Poitras would allow dual practice on one condition. Clinics must report their public and private hours every month and pay penalties when public waits get worse.
Tips: The comment calls her the ministry planner. Look for “only if” in her lines and read what clinics must report and how often.
Why the other options are wrong:
- every patient’s income once a year: Poitras’s reports are about doctors’ hours, not patients’ incomes.
- their profits to shareholders each week: Profits and shareholders are never mentioned. The reports cover public and private hours each month.
- the names of doctors who get complaints: Complaints come up in Varma’s part of the editorial, and nobody asks for doctors’ names to be reported.
Correct Answer: plain rules on what they can pay for
Passage Reference: says patients need plain rules on what they can and cannot pay for
Why this is correct: Varma says patients need plain rules on what they can and cannot pay for. The writers want every patient to receive those rules before booking.
Tips: The comment names Varma and says “before booking anything”. Look for what she says patients need in the third paragraph.
Why the other options are wrong:
- a second doctor’s written opinion on surgery: Varma never mentions a second opinion. She wants plain rules and a place to complain.
- a lower price for surgery in the evening: Varma does not talk about prices for surgery at any time of day.
- a firm promise of surgery within a month: No one in the editorial promises surgery within a month. Varma asks for clear rules.
Correct Answer: more than a year
Passage Reference: A hip replacement that once took four months now takes more than a year in several regions.
Why this is correct: The editorial opens with a hip replacement that once took four months. Now it takes more than a year in several regions.
Tips: The comment is about a hip replacement. Look in the first paragraph and pick the new wait, not the old one.
Why the other options are wrong:
- about six weeks: Six weeks is far shorter than the wait described. The editorial says more than a year.
- less than a month: Even the old wait was four months, and the new one is more than a year.
- almost four years: The wait in the first paragraph is much shorter than almost four years.